Calipers and dividers



{No.Model.)

' F. MOTZ.

GALIPERS AND DIVIDERS.

Patented Deo. 25, 1888.

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ATTORNEY! UNITED .STATES PATENT Diarree'.

FRIEDRICH MOTZ, OF ELIZABETHPORT, NEWv JERSEY.

CALIPERS AND DIVIDERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Iatent N0. 395,167, dated December 25, 1888.

Application filed April 2l, 1888. Serial No. 271,456. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ when?, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH MOTZ, of'

Elizabethport, in the county of Union and State of. New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compasses and Dividers, of which the following is a specification.

The object of thisinvention is to furnish for the use of draftsmen, mechanics, and others dividers and compasses and their accessories-such as pen, pencil, and needle points, lengtheningbars, &e.-made from sheet metal instead of cast metal, whereby the manufacture of these instruments is rendered simple and less expensive and the handling of the same facilitated, owing to the lightness of the instruments.

The invention consists of a pair of dividers or compasses and their pen, pencil, and needle points, lengthening-bars, &c., made of sheet-steel, the legs of the dividers and compasses and the detachable parts being re-enforced by means of bent or corrugated ribs.

The invention. consists, secondly, in the combination, with the legs of Compasses, of detachable pen, pencil, and needle points, and with means for clamping them to the legs. The detachable points are made of two sections connected by a joint, the sections being located in the plane of the legs, so that the lower sections can be set at a suitable angle to the upper sections, will appear more fully hereinafter, and nally be pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a side elevation of a pair of compasses made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are detail side elevations and vertical transverse sections, respectively, of a detachable pencil-point and pen-point. Fig. 7 is a detail side view of a lengtheningbar made according to my invention. Figs. S and 9 are respectively a side elevation and an end elevation of a pair of dividers; and Figs. l0, ll, and l2 are horizontal sections through the legs of my improved dividers or compasses and the detachable points of the same, showing different forms of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referringl to the drawings, A A are the legs of my improved dividers or compasses, and B B detachable parts of the same, which consist, respectively, of a needle -point, C, pencil-point D, a pen-point, E, and a lengtheningbar, F.

The legs of the dividers or Compasses, as well as the detachable parts B B, are made of suitable sheet metal, preferably sheet-steel, and provided with longitudinal raised ribs or corrugations d a and b I) along the edges or at the center, as shown, respectively, in Figs. l0, ll, and l2, which corrugations serve to reenforce the legs A A and detachable parts B B, and also impart abetter finish and appearance to the same. I prefer to use the form shown in Fig. l0, in which two longitudinal re-enforcing ribs or corrugations, u, are employed-one along each edge of the legs and detachable parts.

The legs A A are arranged with their ribs outward, so that their flat ribs shall come in contact, and are connected at their upper perforated ends bya pivot-joint, which is formed of a solid hemispherical head, d, that is provided with a central screw-post, d', extending at right angles therefrom, and of a second hemispherical portion formed of two parts-a perforated disk shaped washer, d2, and a rounded-olf nut, d3, which screws on the post d and servesto clamp the legs iirmly` to the head d of the joint, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. The legs AA are thus jointed bya pivot-connection and not by a hinge-joint, as in the dividers and Compasses heretofore in use.

The pi vot-connection described can be made just as reliable and effective as i the hingejoint. By the spherical head the dividers or Compasses can be conveniently held in the hands for operating the instrument. The head may also be made of iiattened sections, as I do not confine myself to the special construction shown.

The detachable parts B B are made of sheet metal and correspond in cross-section to that of the legsA A, so as to lit on the same. The upper end of each detachable part, B, is provided with a central recess, e, which iits on the shank of a fixed screw, e, on the leg A, and is IOO e2. At some distance below the upper end of each detachable part, B, is arranged a longi. tudinal slot, f, which is provided with an enlarged middle portion, said slot and enlarged middle portion being of sufficient size to pass over a winged thumb-nut, f when the same is placed in line with said slot. The wing-nut f screws on to a :fixed screw-shank, f2, that is set into the leg A, as shown clearly in Fig. 2.

Then the detachable part B is placed in posit-ion on the leg A, the slot j' is passed over the wing-nut j, and the recessed upper end then placed against the shank ot' the thumbscrew e2, whereby the slot f moves along the shank of the wing-nut. Both thumb-nuts e2 and f are then tightened and thereby the iirm and reliable connection of the leg A and detachable part B secured.

The detachable parts B B, with the exception of the' lengthening-bar F, are iliade in two sections, of which the upper sections, B', are attached to the legs of the Compasses in the manner described, while the lower sections, B2 B2, are provided, respectively, with the needle, pencil, and pen point C, D, and E, as shown in Figs. l, 3, and 5. The lower sections, B2, are connected with the upper sections by a pivot-connection, B3, which is formed of a screw-post, g, set into the upper section, B', and a flat screw-nut, g', that is placed over the overlapping parts ot' the scctions and applied tightly thereto by means of a key inserted into the holes of the nut g. The pivot-connection B3 between the upper and lower sections of the detachable parts B B permits the adjustment of the lower sections at any suitable angle to the upper sections and legs, so as to facilitate the operations of the Compasses while in use. The lower pivoted sections swing in the same plane with the upper sections, but can be set at any suitable angle to the longitudinal aXis of the same. The ribbed ends of the lower sections, B2, are bent outwardly and toward each other, so as to form sockets 1l for the needles and pencils or blades "L" of the pens, as shown, respectively, in Figs. ,2, 4, and b. The outwardly-bent socket-shaped ends t' of the sections B2 are provided in the case of pencil-points with ears t2, that are connected bya clamp-screw, is, so that the socket can be tightly clamped on the pencil, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

The needle point C is provided with a screw-post, 7%-, above the socket-shaped end, which is set into the lower section, B2, and provided with a perforation through which the needle is passed, which is then clamped tightly by the clamp-nut h. In dividers without detachable parts the needles are applied in the same manner to the lower socketshaped ends of the legs A A, in which case, however, the legs are somewhat enlarged at their lower narrow ends to provide therequired space tor the clamp-screws ot the needles, as shown clearly in Fig. S.

The blades of the pen-point E are bent upl at right angles to the lower section, B2, and provided, respectively, with a screw-post,.fm, set into one blade and passed through the other blade, and with a screw-nut, m', that is applied to the screw-post and act-ing on the other blade, so as to adjust the blades, as shown clearly in Figs. 5 and (l. The lengthening-bar F has, like the other parts, B B, a recess, e, and slot f at the upper end and a clamping-nut, n, at the lower end for attaching the needle, pencil, or pen points in the same manner as they are `lattached to the legs A.

My improved dividers and Compasses and the detachable parts of the saine are finished by plating the same with nickel or silver, whereby corrosion is prevented and the appearance considerably improved. They may be made up in sets and placed in suitable boxes in the same manner as drawing-instruments made of cast metal.

As all the parts of my improved dividers and Compasses are stamped up by suitable dies from sheet metal, they can therefore be furnished at much lower price than the castmetal dividers and compasses, which require a great deal of hand-work in finishing.

As the instruments can be made very accurate, they are equal to the cast-metal instruments heretofore in use, and can be used in the same manner for all drafting and other purposes.

Having thus described my invention,l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent* l. A pair of dividers and compasses the legs of which are made of V[iat sheet metal provided with outwardly-projecting re-enforcing longitudinal ribs, substantially as set forth.

2. A pair of dividers and compasses the legs of which are made of fiat sheet metal lying in parallel planes and provided with outwardly-projecting longitudinal 1re-enforcing ribs and united by a pivot-joint at the head, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with sheet-metal compass-legs provided with outwardly-projecting ribs along each edgeand having centrallyperforated upper ends, of a spherical pivotjoint formed of a screw-post with an enlarged hemispherical head, a disk-shaped washer, and a screw-nut, substantially as set forth.

4t. The combination of compass-legs made of flat sheet metal and provided with outwardly-proj ecting longitudinal re-enforcing ribs with detachable parts, also made of flat sheet metal and provided with similar re-enforcing ribs and with means for connecting the legs and detachable parts in parallel planes, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the sheet-metal compass-legs having' longitudinal ribs and fixed screw-posts, ot' detachable sheet-metal parts having' corresponding ribs, recesses at IOO IIO

the upper ends, and slots below said recesses, and clamp-nuts applied to said screw-posts, substantially as set forth.

G. In sheet-1netal coinpasses, a detachable part made of longitudinallyribbed sheet metal and formed of two sections, which are connected by a pivotjoint and clamp-screw, substantially as set forth.

7. In sheet-metal Compasses, a detachable part made of longitudinally -ribbed sheet nietal, the ribbed lower end being' bent outwardly, so as to form a socket, ears on either side of said socket, and a clamp-screw for drawing said ears together and closing said socket, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claiin the foregoing as inyinvention I have signed inynaine in presence of two subscribing` witnesses.

FRIEDRICH MOTZ.

Iitnessesz PAUL GoEPEL, JOHN A. STRALEY. 

